Limacella pitereka - Amanitaceae.org - Taxonomy and Morphology of Amanita and Limacella

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name	Limacella pitereka
name status	nomen acceptum
author	Grgur.
images	1. Limacella pitereka, Bromley, Victoria, Australia. (RET 496-5) 2. Limacella pitereka, Bromley, Victoria, Australia. (RET 496-5) 3. Limacella pitereka, Bromley, Victoria, Australia. (RET 496-5)
discussion	—R. E. Tulloss and T. Cannon
brief editors	RET

name

Limacella pitereka

author

Grgur. 1997. Larger Fung. S. Austral.: 417, fig. 277(a-c).

name status

nomen acceptum

MycoBank nos.

443367

GenBank nos.

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accession	locus	voucher	source



KX443411	nrITS	25.vii.2011 Tim Cannon s.n. (RET_496-5) haplotype h1	J. Geml et al., Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden
KX443412	nrITS	25.vii.2011 Tim Cannon s.n. (RET_496-5) haplotype h2	J. Geml et al., Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden

holotypes

AD 10035

intro

The following text may make multiple use of each data field.

The field may contain magenta text presenting data from a type study and/or revision of other original material cited in the protolog of the present taxon. Macroscopic descriptions in magenta are a combination of data from the protolog and additional observations made on the exiccata during revision of the cited original material.

The same field may also contain black text, which is data from a revision of the present taxon (including non-type material and/or material not cited in the protolog). Paragraphs of black text will be labeled if further subdivision of this text is appropriate.

Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain.

The following material not directly from the protolog of the present taxon and not cited as the work of another researcher is based on collections and photographs of Tim Cannon, molecular research of L. V. Kudzma, and other original research of R. E. Tulloss.

pileus

protolog: up to 60 mm wide, pure white except for disc, with disc having "brownish biscuity" tints approaching Tawny Olive, conico-convex to convex or plano-convex, then expanding and nearly planar, umbonate; context white, thin except in disc; margin sometimes striate or "with reticulated ribs," incurved, thin.

TC/RET: Up to 40 mm wide, convex to planar (or nearly so), with pronounced umbo; context white, unchanging, 2 - 3 mm thick over stipe, very thin at margin; margin incurved at first; gluten layer translucent, orange-tan (with pinkish tint in "button" or "pin" stage) to light brown at first, brownish pigment persisting in mature material especially over disc, else very pale tan to colorless.

lamellae

protolog: nearly free, adnexed or adnate, close, cream, discoloring, narrowly ventricose, 7 mm broad, with edge slightly irregular.

TC/RET: adnexed to nearly free, close, white, unchanging, with concolorous margin, up to 7 mm broad; lamellulae rounded truncate (shorter) to attenuate, plentiful, of diverse lengths, apparently evenly distributed (between every pair of otherwise adjacent lamellae).

stipe

protolog: up to 62 × 15 mm (width measured "above"), white, sometimes becoming slightly brownish, cylindric or narrowing downward with obconic rooting base, indistinctly longitudinally striate; bulb lacking?; context solid, stuffed, or slightly hollow; exannulate; gluten layer present.

TC/RET: up to 50 × 7 mm, cylindric, often significantly flattened in apical region, white to cream, unchanging; bulb ??; context ??; annular zone ??; gluten layer sheathing below last point of contact between pileus and stipe, palely concolorous with gluten of pileus or colorless.

odor/taste

protolog: Odor not distinctive. Taste not distinctive, "though leaves...dry sensation in mouth."

Odor indistinct or absent. Taste not recorded.

macrochemical
tests

none recorded.

pileus context

not described.

lamella trama

from protolog: "inverse." [Note: Perhaps this is in error. Inverse lamella trama would exclude this species from the Amanitaceae.—ed.]

subhymenium

not described.

basidia

from protolog: [25/-/4] 26 - 44 × 6.7 -9.6 μm, with avg. length = 33 μm, with avg. width = 7.5 μm, 4-sterigmate, with sterigmata up to 4.0 μm long; clamps present.

gluten layer

protolog: "trichodermal palisade of filamentous hyphae, [37/-/2] 2.6 - 5.6 μm wide, with avg. width = 3.7 μm, often with subcapitate apices, palisade flattened in places"; clamps present.

CRC: On pileus: filamentous undifferentiated hyphae supporting gluten pile 2.5 - ?? μm wide in non-terminal segments, at first vertically aligned in uppermost segments (as whole, turf-like), then curving downward (or more extensively collapsing) singly or in fascicles, extensively branching, gelatinizing with age; tip cells [16/2/1] 31 - 65 × 1.5 - 2.5 (-3.5) μm, dominantly of constant width or very slightly narrowing upward, rounded at apex, infrequently with slight ellipsoid inflation at apex, with basal septa of tip cells 1.9 - 3.5 (-5.0) μm wide, with length/tip-width ratio 10.3 - 28 (-32) μm (mean, 18.1 μm); clamps abundant, present at nearly all septa of uppermost segments, prominent. On stipe: ??.

stipe context

not described.

partial veil

absent.

lamella edge tissue

RET: fertile.

basidiospores

send to graphing tool

protolog: [116/-/12] 4.8 - 8.0 × 3.8 - 5.4 μm, (L' = 5.7 μm; W' = 4.5 μm; est. Q = 1.19 - 1.47; Q' = 1.3), broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; apiculus prominent, obtuse, sublateral [per figure], cylindric [per figure]; contents not described; white in deposit. [Note: The author doesn't supply a range of Q values; however, RET measured the eight spores shown in lateral view in (Grgurinovic 1997: fig. 277a) in order to compute a reasonable (but probably restricted) range of Q provided above. We evaluated the Amanita spore length and width ranges from (Grgurinovic 1997) in comparison to comparable data published by other authors and often based on revision of the same specimens. This experiment involved a total of 19 descriptions of a total of 13 species from the work of 3 authors. In a range of the form "x - y" of spore length (width) from (Grgurinovic 1997) compared to a range of the form (a-) b - c (-d) of spore length (width) in the other works, the value of "y" was compared to the value of "c" as a ratio. In the case of spore length ranges, on average (per author), the ratio y/c ranged from 1.06 - 1.10 (possibly due to the non-segregation of a "d" value in the ranges of concern). In the case of spore width ranges, on average (per author), the ratio ranged from 1.14 - 1.23 (indicating the probability of compounding causes at play—possibly, the absence of the "d" value in the ranges of concern and failure to restrict spore measurement to spores strictly presenting in lateral view). The above sporograph is based on possibly problematic data and estimations derived from that data.—ed.]

RET/CRC: [40/2/1] (4.6-) 4.8 - 6.5 (-8.0) × (3.3-) 3.5 - 4.9 (-5.5) μm, (L = 5.5 - 5.6 μm; L' = 5.5 μm; W = 4.0 - 4.3 μm; W' = 4.1 μm; Q = (1.12-) 1.16 - 1.56 (-1.57); Q = 1.30 - 1.38; Q' = 1.34), hyaline, colorless, thin-walled, smooth or infrequently minutely verruculose; broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, sometimes expanded at one end, adaxially flattened; apiculus sublateral, cylindric, occasionally proportionately large; contents granular to mono- or multiguttulate with or without additional small granules; white in deposit.

ecology

protolog: Scattered to gregarious. Terrestrial, "often under eucalypt (e.g., Eucalyptus odorata Behr), once under Senecio."

RET: Solitary or subcespitose (in small groups). At 193^± m elev. On rocky clay soil with thin humus layer in area extensively disturbed by 19th Cent. gold mining in open sclerophyll woodland of Box-Ironbark forest with Eucalyptus spp. dominant (e.g., E. tricarpa, E. melliodora, E. microcarpa) and sparse understory dominated by Cassinia scrub. [Note: The climate is Mediterranean—with hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters (generally in the low teens (°C) with common overnight frosts).]

material examined

protoype: AUSTRALIA: SOUTH AUSTRALIA—Unkn. LGA - Adelaide, Greenhill Rd., iv.1932, unkn. coll. s.n. (paratype, AD 10717); Bangham SE, 29.v.1931 unkn. coll. s.n. (paratype, AD 10718); Belair Nat. Pk., iv.1924 unkn. coll. s.n. (paratype, AD 10038), 10.vi.1933 unkn. coll. s.n. (AD 10039), iii.1946 unkn. coll. s.n. (paratype, AD 10719, watercolor G. Walsh no. 51), 5.vi.1985 J. A. Simpson & C. A. Grgurinovic s.n. (holotype, AD 10035); Encounter Bay, 14.v.1930 unkn. coll. s.n. (paratype, AD 10715), 24.v.1931 unkn. coll. s.n. (paratype, AD 10716); Kinchina, 29.vii.1922 unkn. coll. s.n. (paratype, AD 10036), 29.v.1926 unkn. coll. s.n. (paratype, AD 10037); Morialta, 23.v.1925 unkn. coll. s.n. (paratype, AD 10712); Mt. Gambier, 27.v.1925 unkn. coll. s.n. (paratype, AD 10713), 28.v.1928 unkn. coll. s.n. (paratype, AD 10714).

TC/RET: AUSTRALIA: VICTORIA—Central Goldfields Shire - Bromley, off Betley Rd., 50 m E of Bromley Historical Cemetery [36°52'55" S/ 143°45'13" E, 193 m], 25.vii.2011 Tim Cannon s.n. [mushroomobserver.org 72577] (in herb. T. Cannon; RET 496-5, nrITs & nrLSU seq'd.).

discussion

The description of the lamella trama as "inverse" casts doubt on the placement of this entity in the Amanitaceae. On the other hand, (Grgurinovic 1997: fig. 277c) appears to depict the slime supporting hyphae of a Limacella pileus and genetic comparisons place this species clearly in Limacella section Lubricae.

This spores of this taxon seem comparable to Limacella sp-CMP0152 and L. sp-Tulloss-8-31-94-E although the spores of the present entity can be larger and proportionately more narrow. A sporograph comparison of spore size and shape of the three possible taxa is provided in the following figure:

The present entity also has a proportionately shorter stipe and a more sordid tone to the center of the pileus disc than have been seen in the two numbered taxa from North American. Although study is just beginning it would appear that the gluten supporting hyphae on the pileus may be narrower in the present entity than in the two North American taxa. Also, the North American material does not usually develop such a pronounced umbo as is seen in the present species.

nrITS and nrLSU sequences have been obtained from the present taxon. a rough distance matrix based on rough edits of the nrLSU sequences of all samples of the temporary codes listed above show that pairwise genetic distance between samples ranged from 0% to less that 0.6%. Genetic distance between the nrLSU of the present species and all available sequences of the two North American taxa ranges from 1.8% to 2.3%. This suggests that the present taxon is distinct from the North American entities (even though it may be sister to the North American taxon or group).

Dr. Tom May (Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Victoria, Australia) was first to suggest (here) that L. pitereka as the correct determination for this material.

TC has found material apparently assignable to the present taxon at a second open sclerophyll woodland site (see photographs of this uncollected material at www.mushroomobserver.org/65108) and in a Pinus radiata plantation at Moonlight Flat (ca. Castlemaine), Victoria.

citations

—R. E. Tulloss, C. Rodríguez Caycedo, and T. Cannon

editors

RET

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name	Limacella pitereka
name status	nomen acceptum
author	Grgur.
images	1. Limacella pitereka, Bromley, Victoria, Australia. (RET 496-5) 2. Limacella pitereka, Bromley, Victoria, Australia. (RET 496-5) 3. Limacella pitereka, Bromley, Victoria, Australia. (RET 496-5)
photo	Tim Cannon - (1-3) Bromley, Victoria, Australia. (RET 496-5) [Note: The reader can view the full-size original photographs on mushroomobserver.org here.

name	Limacella pitereka

name	Limacella pitereka

Spore data for collections
provisionally identified as: Limacella pitereka Grgur.

Spore data sets and their composite

Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer; and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set. Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences (which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.

basidiospore definition

Spore Measurements by Collection

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