| name |
Amanita ponderosa |
| author |
R. Heim & Malençon apud Malençon. 1942. Bull. Trimestriel Soc. Mycol. France 58: 28, figs. 2-3. |
| name status |
nomen acceptum |
| english name |
"Heavy Amidella" |
| synonyms |
≡ Amanita curtipes var. ponderosa (R. Heim & Malençon) M. L. Castro. 1997. Doc. Mycol. 27(106): 45.
The editors of this site owe a great debt to Dr. Cornelis Bas
whose famous cigar box files of Amanita nomenclatural information
gathered over three or more decades were made available to RET for computerization
and make up the lion's share of the nomenclatural information presented on this site.
|
| MycoBank nos. |
284068, 443218 |
| GenBank nos. |
Due to delays in data processing at GenBank, some accession numbers may lead to unreleased (pending) pages.
These pages will eventually be made live, so try again later.
|
| lectotypes |
syntypes possibly in herb. R. Heim => PC or in MPU |
| type studies |
double click in markup mode to edit. |
| selected illustrations |
Romagnesi. 1961. Nouv. Atl. Champ. 3: pl. 183B. |
| intro |
The following text may make multiple use of each data field.
The field may contain magenta text presenting data from a type study
and/or revision of other original material cited in the protolog of the present taxon.
Macroscopic descriptions in magenta are a combination of data from the protolog and
additional observations made on the exiccata during revision of the cited original
material.
The same field may also contain black text, which is data from a revision of the present
taxon (including non-type material and/or material not cited in the protolog).
Paragraphs of black text will be labeled if further subdivision of
this text is appropriate.
Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been
thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text
where data is missing or uncertain.
The following material not directly from the protolog of the present taxon and not cited as the work of another researcher is based on original research by R. E. Tulloss. The source for the latter is an unpublished Ms. developed with guidance from Dr. Bas between 1985 and the early 1990's; it is still in unfinished form. The reader will note that when it was drafted, RET had not yet developed some relevant methodology and had not yet adopted the associated notation. RET decided to post this information with comments because it is unknown whether he will ever have time to commit to resuscitating in full scale his project on sect. Amidella.
[Note: At some point after the Ms. was well under way, I became concerned about whether I had accurately segregated vascular hyphae from septate hyphae that happened of have yellowish refractive walls. At that point, I substituted the phrase "refractive hyphae" for "vascular hyphae" in my older Mss. in contexts in which I thought I might have misapplied the latter term.—RET]
RET: All microscopics elements pale yellowish in ammonium hydroxide. |
| pileus |
RET: 60 - 120 mm wide, white becoming pale yellowish-rediish (“tinge of red copper tinged buff”), smooth, dry, locally somewhat shiny, radially fibrillose (lens) near margin, hemispherical then convex to planoconvex, disk becoming flattened the depressed; context fleshy, very firm, pure white then rapidly turning pinkish, finally becoming paler brownish pinkish; margin appenediculate, nonstriate, inflexed, projecting slightly beyond lamellae; universal veil as central or eccentric, rather thick, sordid ochraceous gray (from soil?), felted-membranous patch (30 to 40 mm wide) occasionally with a thin, sordid whitish to pale sordid buff felted layer (difficult to delimit) covering the greater part of the center of the pileus; pileipellis peeling. |
| lamellae |
RET: Just free, crowded, rather thick and broad (8 mm or more in young specimens), rounded near pileus margin, pure whte at first then pale cream, drying 7.5-10YR 8/6, 7.5YR 4/4, 7.5YR 7/4 with margin subflocculose white at first then reddish-brown; lamellulae scarce (no more than 1 per 10 lamellae), tuncate, occasionally anastomosing with lamellae. |
| stipe |
RET: 50 - 100 × 20 -40 mm, white to pale pinkish-ochraceous-brownish, approx. cylindrical; context apearing solid at first then stuffed to chambered (particularly in base), white, discoloring as in pileus; partial veil at first distinct, up to 3 mm thick, white, very soft, subfloccose, appressed apical ring with striations above, rapidly reduced to a thin line of projecting or appressed, small scales or tufts of floccose/fibrillose material which tend to discolor pinkish-brownish; universal veil as saccate volva, separated from stipe by broad and shelf-like limbus internus, submembranous to fleshy, 35 - 60 mm high, with base subconical to napiform, 32 - 44 mm wide, context slightly grayish-brownish tinged and slightly discoloring pinkish, lower 2/3 (approx.) adnate to bulb. forming a more or less straight-edged sac when patch left on pileus or 4 - 5 lobed limb, at least 5 mm thick just below connection with stipe, with inner surface in exsiccata often seen to be paper thin layerrather easily peeling away. |
| odor/taste |
RET: Odor faint, vaguely like dilute bleach. Taste indistinct. |
macrochemical
tests |
RET: 5% KOH - on context, slowly brownish pink ring. 30% NaOH - very slightly yellowish. Conc. nitric acid - on context, very slightly yellowish. Phenol - on context, vinaceous pink in pileus and bulb. Ferrous sulfate - on context, slowly gray in the stipe context. Aniline - on context, slowly vinaceous-brick pink. 10% NH4OH, sulfoformol, and conc. H2SO4 - no reaction on context. |
| pileipellis |
RET: interwoven gelatinizing hyphae with subradially arranged, filamentous, less gelatinized hyphae to 5 µm wide in fascicles which are subradially arranged, becoming narrower and more distantly spaced toward margin and occasionally including vascular hyphae to 9.8 µm wide. |
| pileus context |
RET: densely interwoven, undifferentiated, filamentous, branching hyphae 2.4 - 12.6 µm wide; acrophysalides elongate, narrow, up to 325.5 × 28 µm wide, with slightly thickened walls to 0.5 µm thick, no clamps seen. |
| lamella trama |
RET: bilateral; branching, filamentous , undifferentiated hyphae 2.0 - 5.5 µm wide; inflated cells barely more that inflated hyphal segments, to 19 µm wide, teminal; branching vascular hyphae present, 3.0 - 5.0 µm wide. |
| subhymenium |
RET: comprising a branching structure of uninflated hyphal segments, narrowly clavate segments, irregular narrow segments, and rahter small inflated cells, rather broad, oriented subperpendicular to the central stratum. |
| basidia |
RET: 44 - 76 × 8.0 - 13.0 µm, dominantly 4-spored, infrequently 2- or 1-spored, thin-walled; clamps present. |
| universal veil |
RET: On stipe base, exterior layer: of interwoven, gelatinizing hyphae. On stipe base, intermediate layer: dominated by subglobose to ovoid cells to 140 × 105 µm with walls thickened to 1.2 µm; undifferentiated, filamentous, braching hyphae in the interstices. On stipe base, inner surface: as very thin layer of loosely interwoven, sublongitudinally arranged, branching, undifferentiated, filamentous hyphae 2.1 - 7.0 µm wide, gelatinizing; occasional inflated cells to 81× 21 µm, terminal. On pileus: very similar to tissues on stipe except with more gelatinized and more compressed. |
| stipe context |
RET: longitudinally acrophysalidic; acrophysalides dominating, thick-walled, to 275 × 60 µm, walls to 1 µm thick; branching, filamentous, undifferentiated hyphae 2.8 - 14.0 µm wide, the broader hyphae clearly showing thickened walls; vascular hyphae present to 7.3 µm wide; clamps not seen. |
| partial veil |
RET: tissues gelatinizing and difficult to reinflate; dominated by undifferentiated, filamentous, branching hyphae, 4.2 - 11.2 µm wide; inflated cell narrowly clavate to basidiomorphous, terminal, to 74 × 22 µm. |
| lamella edge tissue |
not described. |
| basidiospores |
RET: [80/4/3] (7.3-) 8.0 - 15.8 (-19.0) × (5.5-) 5.6 - 8.2 (-10.0), (L = 8.8 - 14.2 µm; L’ = 10.9 µm; W = 6.2 - 7.4 µm; W’ = 6.6 µm; Q = (1.24-) 1.32 - 2.07 (-2.21); Q = 1.43 - 1.92; Q’ = 1.64), thin-walled, hyaline, amyloid, ellipsoid to elongate to cylindrical, occasionally broadly ellipsoid, occasionally slightly expanded at one end, often adaxially flattened; apiculus sublateral; contents mono- or multiguttulate; white to cream white in deposit. |
| ecology |
from protolog: Portugal: In Pinus forest. Morocco: Under Quercus suber.
Subgregarious. Portugal: Under Q. ilex, Q. suber, Cistus, Ulex. |
| material examined |
from protolog: MOROCCO: ca. Rabat,
Forêt de Mamora, iii.1937 G. Malençon s.n. (syntype,
?MPU, dossier "Champignons du Maroc
888"). PORTUGAL: Serra de
Monchique, Vale de Boï, iii.1931 R. Heim & G.
Malençon s.n. (syntype, ?in herb. Heim => ?PC
and/or ?MPU).
RET: MOROCCO:
??—N of Larache (El Araïch),
Khemiss de Sahel, 9.iii.1967 R. Bertault
11070 (L 965 56 048), 22.iv.1971 C. Bas 5537, boxes
I & II (L 970294 461). Lot. Medicrina,
12.ii.1966 R. Bertault s.n. (L 965 25 062).
PORTUGAL:
ALENTEJO—ca. Vidigueira, Serra de Portel,
8.ix.1959 R. Cabral s.n. (DAOM 74793).
ALGARVE—unkn. loc., 17.iii.1987 unkn.
coll. s.n. [R. Phillips 4042] (K).
ESTREMADURA?—Lisbon?, 24.iii.1985 unkn.
coll. s.n. [Bas 8370] (L 970294 461 & 970294 463,
boxes I & II).
SPAIN: ANDALUSIA—Huelva - Huelva,
24.iii.1974 Dr. Puertas s.n. (L 972323 277). |
| discussion |
This robust species may expand below the surface of
the substrate, with little of the fruiting body
coming above the surface. |
| citations |
—R. E. Tulloss |
| editors |
RET |
|
Spore data sets and their composite