| name |
Amanita neomurina |
| author |
Tulloss in Tulloss et al. 2015.
Amanitaceae 1(2): 3. |
| name status |
nomen acceptum |
| english name |
"Australian Mouse-Colored Death Cap" |
| synonyms |
≡ Amanita murina Sacc. nom. illeg. 1891a. Syll. Fung. 9: 2. [Posterior homonym. ICBN §53.1]
≡ Agaricus murinus Cooke & Massee nom. illeg. 1889. Grevillea 18 (fasc. 85): 1. [Posterior homonym. ICBN §53.1] non Agaricus murinus Batsch. 1783. Elench. Fung 1: col. 79, no. 104. ≡ Agaricus murinus Batsch : Fr. 1821. Syst. Mycol. 1: 115. ≡Tephrocybe murina (Batsch) M. M. Moser. 1967. Kl. Kryptogam. Fl., ed. 3: 116. non Amanita murina (Roques) Bertillon in Dechambre. 1866. Dict. Encycl. Sci. Médic.: 496. [= Amanita urceolata per Fr. 1876. Grevillea 4 (fasc. 32): 181.]
The editors of this site owe a great debt to Dr. Cornelis Bas
whose famous cigar box files of Amanita nomenclatural information
gathered over three or more decades were made available to RET for computerization
and make up the lion's share of the nomenclatural information presented on this site.
|
| etymology |
murinus, "mouse-gray" |
| MycoBank nos. |
516660, 160829, 282554 |
| GenBank nos. |
Due to delays in data processing at GenBank, some accession numbers may lead to unreleased (pending) pages.
These pages will eventually be made live, so try again later.
|
| lectotypes |
K M-190640 |
| lectotypifications |
Reid. 1980. Austral. J. Bot., Suppl. Ser. 8: 40. |
| revisions |
Pegler. 1965. Austral. J. Bot. 13: 340, fig. 1/5.
Reid. 1980. Austral. J. Bot., Suppl. Ser. 8: 40, figs. 25(a-g), 76-77, 97. |
| selected illustrations |
Cooke. 1890. Grevillea 18 (fasc. 88, after p. 360): pl. 1. |
| intro |
The following text may make multiple use of each data field.
The field may contain magenta text presenting data from a type study
and/or revision of other original material cited in the protolog of the present taxon.
Macroscopic descriptions in magenta are a combination of data from the protolog and
additional observations made on the exiccata during revision of the cited original
material.
The same field may also contain black text, which is data from a revision of the present
taxon (including non-type material and/or material not cited in the protolog).
Paragraphs of black text will be labeled if further subdivision of
this text is appropriate.
Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been
thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text
where data is missing or uncertain.
The material on this tab is derived from (Cooke 1889) and the revision of Reid (1980). Analysis of these sources is provided by the page editor(s).
Original Latin diagnosis (Cooke 1889):
"Pileo e campanulato expanso, obtuse umbonato,nitido, murino, subhudo, margine striatulo (37 - 51 mm diam.). Stipite tenui, stricto (3 unc. long, 1/4 unc. crass.), albido, deorsum subfibrilloso, annulo pendulo, volva bulboso, laxo, lamelolis liberis, subconfertis, albis, vel leviter roseo-tinctis. Spores 7 × 5 μm.
"On sandy soil. Brisbane (Bailey, 651, 659)."
|
| pileus |
from protolog: 38 - 51 mm wide, mouse-gray (light brownish gray), broadly campanulate, with obtuse umbo, polished, subglabrous; context not described; margin striatulate; universal veil not mentioned, not depicted. |
| lamellae |
from protolog: free, subcrowded, white or slightly tinged with pink; lamellulae not described. |
| stipe |
from protolog: 76 × 6.5 mm, whitish, fibrillose below; bulb small and subglobose [per fig. based on field drawings per (Reid 1980)]; context not described; partial veil pendent,small, white, superior [per fig. based on field drawings per (Reid 1980)]; universal veil limbate, whitish, membranous, irregular, enclosing stipe base [per fig. based on field drawings per (Reid 1980)]. |
| odor/taste |
not recorded. |
macrochemical
tests |
none recorded. |
| basidia |
from Reid (1980): 31 - 33 × 9.3 - 11.3 μm, at least some 4-sterigmate. [Note: Reid doesn't describe the basidia from the lectotype in the text, but provides a scale drawing (Reid 1980: fig. 25b) including two apparently mature basidia from which the above measurements are derived.—ed.] |
| basidiospores |
from Reid (1980): Reid provides three sets of dimensions. From the spore print, he gives two sets 7.0 - 8.8 × 6.8 - 8.0 μm and 7.5 - 9.0 × 6.2 - 7.2 μm. From the gills he reports spores up to 10.0 × 7.5 μm. From this data we could project the following: [-/-/-] 7.0 - 10.0 × 6.2 - 8.0 μm, (Q = 1.03 - 1.33). Continuing with Reid's observations on the type: hyaline, thin-walled, amyloid, globose[?] to subglbose to broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; apiculus "oblique"; contents not recorded; color in deposit not recorded.
|
| ecology |
from protolog: In sandy soil. |
| material examined |
from protolog: AUSTRALIA: QUEENSLAND—Brisbane - unkn. loc., s.d. Bailey 651 (lectotype, K M-190640, with spore print and pencil sketch), Bailey 659 (paratype, K M-190639, with pencil sketch). |
| discussion |
In selecting the a lectotype, Reid (1980) picked the collection accompanied by a spore print. He reports that both collections were accompanied by pencil sketches of the basidiomes in fresh condition.
Reid (1980) assigns two collections to this speice. Neither is a precise match to the protolog. For example, neither has a striate cap margin; and one is pale yellowish gray-brown while the other is dark gray-brown with blackish brown over the disc. For the moment, Reid's descriptions of the two collections will be present here; and, as usual for the site, they are edited so as to conform to the common layout of descriptions on this site.
(1) Corresponding to (Reid 1980: fig. 97)
Pileus: 56 mm wide, dark gray-brown, blackish brown over disc, shallowly convex, glabrous; context white: margin smooth; universal veil absent per figure.
Lamellulae: not described; however, white per figure.
Stipe: 77 × 15 mm (measured at apex), narrowing upward and white per cited figure; bulb 24 mm wide, white and not strongly differentiated from the stipe per figure; context white, stuffed at least below and stuffed or hollow above per figure; partial veil white, thick, free at margin only, with mealy or "snow-like" consistency, readily coming away on fingers, "collapsing without trace" in exsiccatum, superior and radially splitting per figure; universal veil limbate, membranous, externally whitish, with grayish inner surface, with highest point of limb 40± mm from bottom of bulb per figure, with point of attachment of limb 26± mm per figure. [Note: estimated dimensions of universal veil assume that the figure is to scale.]
Basidia: up to 50 × 13.5 μm, 4-sterigmate; clamps absent. [Note: Essentially in agreement with regard to length of two largest in scale drawing of multiple basidioles (Reid 1980: fig. 25g) as measured by ed.: 47 - 49 × 9.0 - 10.2 μm.]
Universal veil: On stipe base: filamentous hyphae dominating, 2 - 12 μm wide; inflated cells most common away from surfaces of limb, globose or pyriform; vascular hyphae scant; clamps absent.
Lamella edge tissue: inflated cells with ultimate element either clavate or ovate, up to 15.5 μm wide, in short chains. [Note: With inflated cells of this tissue mislabeled as cheilocystidia.
Basidiospores: divided into two shape categories by Reid; "globose" 7.0 - 8.0 μm wide; "subglobose" 75 - 8.5 × 6.8 - 7.2 μm; "without apiculus." [Note: The remark "without apiculus" demonstrates that Reid did not observe the spores in lateral view very often...if at all; hence, this spore data is of relatively little use to us for comparative purposes.—ed.]
Material examined: AUSTRALIA: VICTORIA—LGA - Wilson's Promontory, Tidal River, Lilly Pilly Gully, 2.v.1976 D. A. & D. G. Reid s.n. (K). [Note: this collection is not mapped on this site.]
Comments: "This specimen is more robust than those of the type collection; it also lacks the striate margin of the cap and shows more...[globose and ovate inflated cells]in the volval tissue. Nevertheless it has about the same color, the same evanescent ring and identical spores."
[Notes: This reasoning should be questioned on several points. (a) Reid doesn't report or provide illustrations of the universal veil tissue of the original material and presents no grounds whatsoever to justify his claim of similarity of the microscopic anatomy of the universal veil in such material to that of the present collection. (b) Without offering supportive hypotheses, there is no reason to believe that the present collection's cap color is the same as that of the material described by Cooke and Massee. (c) It is extraordinary that the spores of the present collection could be said both to lack apiculi and to be identical to the spores of the holo- and paratypes. Moreover, apparently it isn't true that the apiculi are lacking; some are illustrated in Reid's figure of spores for the present collection. Even setting this aside, could the spores be called identical given the evidence that Reid has included in his monograph? In his idiosyncratic manner, Reid breaks the spore data for the original material up as follows:
(i) mostly globose and 7.0 - 8.8 × 6.8 - 8.0 μm [est. Q = 1.0 - 1.10]
(ii) broadly ellipsoid to ovoid and 7.5 - 9.0 × 6.2 - 7.2 μm [est. Q = 1.20 - 1.25]
(iii) "Spores on the gills tend to be more" ellipsoid "and may reach 10 × 7.5 μm [est. Q = 1.33].
Note the overall dimensions given have the following range 7.0 - 10.0 × 6.2 - 8.0 μm, with estimated Q values ranging from 1.0 - 1.33.
The data for the present species is presented as follows:
(i) globose spores measuring 7.0 - 8.0 μm wide, with presumed Q of 1.0
(ii) sublgobose spores measuring 7.5 - 8.5 × 6.8 - 7.2 μm [est. Q = 1.05 - 1.10].
Note the overall dimensions given have the following range 7.0 - 8.5 × 6.8 - 8.0 μm, with estimated Q values ranging from 1.0 - 1.10.
It seems very unusual to judge these two sets of data as describing "identical" spores. Revision of the original material and the present collection are both required in order to have useful understanding of the material...not to mention assessing any possible taxonomic relationship.—ed.]
(2) Basidiome not illustrated, described as exsiccatum.
Pileus: 30 - 45 mm wide, pale yellowish gray-brown; context not described; margin nonstriate; universal veil absent or as patches (thin, white, flat).
Lamellae: not described.
Stipe: 45 - 80 mm long, "rather tall and narrow, often appreciably longer than" pileus diameter, white, cottony below partial veil; bulb not described; context not described; partial veil indistinct, soon collapsing on stipe; universal veil with narrow free margin, "sometimes well-developed, sometimes poorly formed."
Basidia: up to 68 × 12.0 μm, 4-sterigmate; clamps absent. [Note: Essentially in agreement with scale drawing of single apparently mature basidium (Reid 1980: fig. 25d) as measured by ed.: 69 × 11.4 μm.]
Universal veil: On pileus: with structure similar to that seen on stipe base; "The superficial layer seems to be hyphal, with the thin-walled hyphae up to 10 μm wide and without highly refractive walls; below this there are similar hyphae together with a very few scattered sphaerocysts and oval elements." On stipe base: "as in previous collection from same locality (see above), except that in one specimen there are numerous broad hyphae, 14 μm wide, which appear very conspicuous owing to their very highly refractive walls. However, these hyphae do not appear to be a constant feature since they may be either present or absent in different parts of the same volva and completely lacking fro the volae of other fruit bodies."
Basidiospores: amyloid, globose (7.0 - 8.8 μm) to subglobose (8.0 - 9.2 × 6.8 - 8.0 μm), est. Q = 1.0 - 1.18.
Material examined: AUSTRALIA: VICTORIA—LGA - Wilson's Promontory, Tidal River, Lilly Pilly Gully, 6.vii.1976 D. A., P. M. & D. G. Reid s.n. (K). [Note: this collection is not mapped on this site.]
Reid makes no argument for this collection's identification as A. murina. Because of the minimal information on the collection and the limited information on spore size and shape, the case for this collection being assigned to the present species is no better than in the previous case.
|
| citations |
—R. E. Tulloss |
| editors |
RET |
|
Spore data sets and their composite