Amanita chrysoblema type or white variant - Amanitaceae.org - Taxonomy and Morphology of Amanita and Limacella

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name	Amanita chrysoblema type or white variant
name status	nomen acceptum
author	G. F. Atk. in Kauffman
english name	"American Fly Agaric white variant"
synonyms	=Amanita muscaria var. alba Peck
images
intro	This entity may have to be treated as a morphological (white) variant of Amanita muscaria var. flavivolvata. In which case, the present name would take precedence at the rank of species. This issue is now being explored in detail. For the time being, see the techtab of the present entity for further information.
discussion	—R. E. Tulloss
brief editors	RET

name

Amanita chrysoblema type or white variant

author

G. F. Atk. in Kauffman. 1918. Agaricaceae of Michigan 1: 613-614, pl. 120. [Note: Plates are in vol. 2.—ed.]

name status

nomen acceptum

english name

"American Fly Agaric white variant"

synonyms

=Agaricus muscarius var. alba Peck. 1880. Rep. N. Y. St. Mus. 33: 44.

≡Amanita muscaria var. alba (Peck) Peck. 1893. Rep. N. Y. St. Mus. 46: 133.

The editors of this site owe a great debt to Dr. Cornelis Bas whose famous cigar box files of Amanita nomenclatural information gathered over three or more decades were made available to RET for computerization and make up the lion's share of the nomenclatural information presented on this site.

MycoBank nos.

101484, 505812

GenBank nos.

Due to delays in data processing at GenBank, some accession numbers may lead to unreleased (pending) pages. These pages will eventually be made live, so try again later.

accession	locus	voucher	source



EU071911	nrITS	9-15.ix.1999 Jarmila & Charles Hrbek s.n. (RET 320-1)	J. Geml et al. (2008), Molecular Microbial Ecology Lab., Univ. Alaska, Anchorage
EU071984	nrLSU	9-15.ix.1999 Jarmila & Charles Hrbek s.n. (RET 320-1)	J. Geml et al. (2008), Molecular Microbial Ecology Lab., Univ. Alaska, Anchorage

holotypes

Amanita chrysoblema—CUP

lectotypes

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neotypes

Agaricus muscarius var. albus—NYS

neotypifications

Jenkins. 1977. Biblioth. Mycol. 57: 50.

type studies

Agaricus muscarius var. albus—Jenkins. 1977. Biblioth. Mycol. 57: 91.
Amanita chrysoblema—Jenkins. 1977. Biblioth. Mycol. 57: 82.
Agaricus muscarius var. albus—Jenkins. 1978. Mycologia 7: 33.
Amanita chrysoblema—Jenkins. 1982. Mycotaxon 14: 239.

revisions

Jenkins. 1977. Biblioth. Mycol. 57: 50.

intro

The following text may make multiple use of each data field.

The field may contain magenta text presenting data from a type study and/or revision of other original material cited in the protolog of the present taxon. Macroscopic descriptions in magenta are a combination of data from the protolog and additional observations made on the exiccata during revision of the cited original material.

The same field may also contain black text, which is data from a revision of the present taxon (including non-type material and/or material not cited in the protolog). Paragraphs of black text will be labeled if further subdivision of this text is appropriate.

Olive text indicates a specimen that has not been thoroughly examined (for example, for microscopic details) and marks other places in the text where data is missing or uncertain.

The following material not directly from the protologs of the cited names and not cited as the work of another author is from the the cited type studies of Jenkins and from original research of R. E. Tulloss.

Note: Jenkins' measurements in type studies are made on the dried material and do not repeat data from the protologs.—ed.]

pileus

from protolog of chrysoblema: 80 - 100 mm wide, pure white, convex when expanded, viscid; context not described; margin finely striate; universal veil as white floccose patches and scales in dense covering.

from Jenkins' (1978a) type study of Agaricus muscarius var. albus: ca. 40 - 90 mm wide, white, convex to plano-convex; context relatively thin; margin striate; universal veil as thin floccose pathes or small angular warts arranged in nearly concentric circles.

from Jenkins' type study (1982) of chrysoblema: 70^± mm wide, pure white, planar; context not described; margin slightly inrolled; universal veil as very thin floccose-flaky layer, quite dense over disc, white.

lamellae

from protolog of chrysoblema: free to somewhat remote, close, white, narrow, plane; lamellulae of diverse lengths.

from Jenkins' (1978a) type study of Agaricus muscarius var. albus: free to approximate, crowded; lamellulae truncate.

from Jenkins' type study (1982) of chrysoblema: remote, crowded, white; lamellulae not described.

stipe

from protolog of chrysoblema: 100 - 140 × 10^±, white, stout, "very torn scaly below" partial veil, floccose above; bulb 20 mm wide; context stuffed, becoming hollow; partial veil superior, rather ample, thin, pendant, membranous, white, persistent (per photograph), with "sprinkling of yellow floccules" on upper surface; universal veil as narrow and thick broken rings on lower stipe and upper bulb, floccose, rather fragile, white.

from Jenkins' (1978a) type study of Agaricus muscarius var. albus: up to 8 × 0.9 mm, narrowing upward slightly; bulb ovoid, up to 25 × 20 mm; context stuffed to hollow; partial veil fragmentary; universal veil as irregular floccose ringlets on bulb apex and lower stipe.

from Jenkins' type study (1982) of chrysoblema: 110 × 5 - 9 mm, white, narrowing upward; bulb ovoid; context stuffed; partial veil not described; universal veil as thin floccose tissue at bulb apex and extending up stipe slightly as floccose patches or ring of patches, white.

odor/taste

Odor "unremarkable" (Phillips 2983). Taste not reported.

macrochemical
tests

none recorded.

pileipellis

from Jenkins' (1978a) type study of Agaricus muscarius var. albus: filamentous hyphae densely interwoven, gelatinized.

from Jenkins' type study (1982) of chrysoblema: filamentous hyphae interwoven to subradially oriented, gelatinized.

pileus context

from Jenkins' (1978a) type study of Agaricus muscarius var. albus: filamentous undifferentiated hyphae 3 - 9 μm wide; inflated cells elongate.

from Jenkins' type study (1982) of chrysoblema: filamentous hyphae up to 10 μm wide, moderately branched; inflated cells clavate to irregularly elongate, up to 160 × 32 μm; clamps present.

lamella trama

from Jenkins' (1978a) type study of Agaricus muscarius var. albus: bilateral; inflated cells elongate.

from Jenkins' type study (1982) of chrysoblema: bilateral.

subhymenium

from Jenkins' (1978a) type study of Agaricus muscarius var. albus: hyphae ramose; clamps occasional.

from Jenkins' type study (1982) of chrysoblema: filamentous hyphae ramose; clamps occasional.

basidia

from Jenkins' (1978a) type study of Agaricus muscarius var. albus: 41 - 50 × 4 -11.5 μm, usually 4-sterigmate; clamps occasional.

from Jenkins' type study (1982) of chrysoblema: up to 54 × 4.5 - 11 μm, 4-sterigmate; clamps occasional.

RET: Clamps plentiful.

universal veil

from Jenkins' (1978a) type study of Agaricus muscarius var. albus: On pileus: filamentous hyphae up to 8 μm wide, moderately branched; inflated cells globose to subglobose to broadly ellipsoid to ovid to ellipsoid, to clavate to fusiform, up to 138 × 51 μm, in terminal chains with orientation random to apico-basal; clamps occasional. On stipe base: filamentous hyphae up to 8.5 μm wide, moderately branched; inflated cells like those on pileus; clamps occasional.

from Jenkins' type study (1982) of chrysoblema: On pileus: filamentous hyphae 3 - 8 μm wide, moderately branched, very sparse; inflated cells globose to subglobose to broadly ellipsoid to clavate to fusiform, up to 76 × 25 μm, in terminal randomly oriented short chains; clamps present. On stipe base: filamentous hyphae as on pileus, plenitude not mentioned; inflated cells shaped as on pileus, up to 83 × 32 μm, in terminal chains; clamps abundant.

stipe context

from Jenkins' (1978a) type study of Agaricus muscarius var. albus: longitudinally acrophysalidic; filamentous undifferentiated hyphae relatively inconspicuous; acrophysalides up to 225 × 25 μm.

from Jenkins' type study (1982) of chrysoblema: longitudinally acrophysalidic; filamentous hyphae 2 - 8 μm wide, moderately branched; acrophysalides up to 380 × 38 μm; clamps occasional.

partial veil

not described.

lamella edge tissue

RET: sterile.

basidiospores

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from Jenkins' (1978a) type study of Agaricus muscarius var. albus: [-/-/-] 9.4 - 11.2 × 7.0 - 8.4 μm, (Q = 1.29 - 1.45; Q' = 1.36), hyaline, smooth, inamyloid, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, adaxially flattened; apiculus sublateral, cylindric; contents guttulate; color in deposit not recorded.

from Jenkins' type study (1982) of chrysoblema: [-/-/-] 7.9 - 9.4 × 6.3 - 7.0 μm, (Q = 1.25- 1.49; Q' = 1.36); hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, inamyloid, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, adaxially flattened; apiculus sublateral, usually cylindric; contents guttulate; color in deposit not recorded.

RET: [40/2/2] (8.4-) 9.1 - 11.0 (-11.5) × 6.6 - 8.5 (-8.7) μm, (L = 9.3 - 10.5 μm; L' = 9.9; W = 7.2 - 7.8 μm; W' = 7.5 μm; Q = (1.18-) 1.24 - 1.43 (-1.53); Q = 1.31 - 1.35; Q' = 1.33), hyaline, colorless, smooth, thin-walled, inamyloid, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, sometimes expanded at one end, ??; apiculus sublateral, ??; contents ??; white in deposit.

ecology

from protolog of chrysoblema: On ground in edge of Sphagnum swamp.

RET: In small groups. Idaho: At 2440 m elev. Michigan: Among ca. 25-year-old Pinus sylvestris in plantation of P. sylvestris and P. banksiana.

material examined

from Jenkins' (1978a) type study of Agaricus muscarius var. albus: U.S.A.: NEW YORK—Albany Co. - Albany and Delmar, x C. H. Peck s.n. (neotype, NYS).

from Jenkins' (1982) type study of chrysoblema: U.S.A.: MICHIGAN—Washtenaw Co. - Chelsea, 20.ix.1907 C. H. Kauffman s.n. (holotype, CUP).

RET: CANADA: ONTARIO—Norfolk Co. - Port Dover, 27.x.2013 Eva Skific s.n. [mushroomobserver #149010] (RET 577-2, nrITS seq'd.); Turkey Point [42.6812º N/ 80.3296º W, 174 m], 8.x.2015 Eva Skific s.n. (RET 722-4). U.S.A.: ALASKA—Juneau - 5.ix.2020 David Gregorovich s.n. (RET 887-3). CALIFORNIA—El Dorado Co. - South Lake Taho, Meyers Flat [38.8697º N/ 120.0295º W 1960 m], 22.ix.2016 Mike McCurdy s.n. (RET 739-4, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). IDAHO—Fremont Co. - 40 km W of West Yellowstone, ca. Island Park Reservoir [2440 m], 9-15.ix.1999 Jarmila & Charles Hrbek s.n. (RET 320-1, nrITS seq'd.). MICHIGAN—Wexford Co. - ca. Cadillac, 10.x.1985 Roger Phillips 2983 (RET 211-7, illustrated by Phillips [1991]). NEW YORK—Oneida Co. unkn. loc., 6.ix.2010 Eric Smith s.n. [mushroomobserver #52169] (RET 481-10, nrITS & nrLSU seq'd.). WYOMING—Fremont Co. - Brooks Lake, 12.viii.1997 Prof. Dr. Meinhard Moser s.n. [Tulloss 8-12-97-MM] (RET 266-10, ?? seq'd.).

discussion

from Jenkins' (1978a) type study of Agaricus muscarius var. albus: "Peck cited no specimens in the original description, thus requiring the designation of a neotype. The specimen above was chosen because of its proximity to Peck primary collecting area, its acceptable condition, and the exhibition of morphological characters associated with the A. muscaria complex."

from Jenkins' type study of (1982) of chrysoblema: "No type was designated in the original description, but one specimen was cited. A packet from CUP shows a collection date matching that found in the original description. Since collections of this taxon are rare, I feel that this collection from CUP is probably the one cited. Therefore, this specimen is recognized as the holotype (Lanjouw, 1966; Guide for the Determination of Types)."

RET: The reputed yellow staining of the stipe flesh in the present taxon is also present in the possible "yellow variant" presently called (among other things) A. muscaria var. guessowii.

Inconsistencies between type studies of old material, particularly judgement relating to the presence and plenitude of clamps are attributable to dealing with material that is difficult or impossible to rehydrate.

citations

—R. E. Tulloss

editors

RET

Information to support the viewer in reading the content of "technical" tabs can be found here.

name	Amanita chrysoblema type or white variant
name status	nomen acceptum
author	G. F. Atk. in Kauffman
english name	"American Fly Agaric white variant"
images
photo	Eva Skific - (1) Port Dover, Ontario, Canada; (RET 577-2) [Note: Untrimmed and unedited images may be found here]

name	Amanita chrysoblema type or white variant

name	Amanita chrysoblema type or white variant

Spore data for collections
provisionally identified as: Amanita chrysoblema type or white variant G. F. Atk. in Kauffman

Spore data sets and their composite

Each spore data set is intended to comprise a set of measurements from a single specimen made by a single observer; and explanations prepared for this site talk about specimen-observer pairs associated with each data set. Combining more data into a single data set is non-optimal because it obscures observer differences (which may be valuable for instructional purposes, for example) and may obscure instances in which a single collection inadvertently contains a mixture of taxa.

basidiospore definition

Spore Measurements by Collection

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